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Related Concept Videos

Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature

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Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
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Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
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Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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Related Experiment Video

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Protocol for Long Duration Whole Body Hyperthermia in Mice
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Mild hyperthermia influence on Herceptin(®) properties.

Jean-Michel Escoffre1, Roel Deckers1, Noboru Sasaki1

  • 1Imaging Division, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Radiology and Oncology
|March 27, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Mild hyperthermia (mHT) does not affect the stability or efficacy of Herceptin (trastuzumab). This finding supports further in-vivo research into mHT

Keywords:
Herceptin®anticancer antibodybreast cancermild hyperthermia

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Mild hyperthermia (mHT) enhances drug delivery by increasing tumor perfusion and vascular permeability.
  • mHT may improve the delivery of therapeutic macromolecules like antibodies.
  • Herceptin (trastuzumab) targets human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) in breast cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of mHT on Herceptin stability, immunological, and pharmacological properties.
  • To assess if mHT impacts Herceptin's binding affinity and inhibitory activity against HER-2 positive breast cancer cells.

Main Methods:

  • Herceptin was incubated at 37°C (control) and 42°C (mHT) for 1 hour.
  • Aggregate formation was measured using a Nile Red assay.
  • Immunological and pharmacological properties were evaluated using HER-2 positive BT-474 breast cancer cells via Western-blot and proliferation assays.

Main Results:

  • Mild hyperthermia (mHT) did not increase Herceptin aggregation compared to control conditions.
  • Herceptin retained its recognition and binding affinity to HER-2 after mHT exposure.
  • Inhibitory activities of Herceptin against BT-474 cells remained unchanged post-mHT treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Mild hyperthermia (mHT) does not negatively impact the stability, immunological, or pharmacological properties of Herceptin.
  • Further in-vivo studies are necessary to determine the influence of mHT on Herceptin's intra-tumoral bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness.