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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
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Mapping (15)O production rate for proton therapy verification.

Kira Grogg1, Nathaniel M Alpert1, Xuping Zhu1

  • 1Center for Advanced Radiological Sciences, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Radiology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
|March 31, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates a new positron emission tomography (PET) method for measuring oxygen-15 ((15)O) production and clearance rates after proton therapy. This technique aids in verifying proton treatment plans and studying perfusion effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Medical Physics
  • Radiochemistry

Background:

  • Proton therapy requires precise verification of treatment delivery.
  • Positron emission tomography (PET) offers functional imaging capabilities.
  • Quantifying short-lived isotopes like oxygen-15 ((15)O) can provide real-time treatment insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate oxygen-15 ((15)O) production as an imaging target for PET.
  • To improve the verification of proton therapy treatment plans.
  • To investigate the effects of perfusion on isotope dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Dynamic PET measurements of irradiation-produced isotopes in phantoms and rabbit thigh muscles.
  • Irradiation and imaging of rabbit muscle under live and dead conditions.
  • Fitting differential equations to PET data to estimate (15)O production and clearance rates.

Main Results:

  • PET clearance rates correlated with radionuclide decay constants in phantoms.
  • Observed (15)O production rates in oxygen-rich phantoms matched expected ratios.
  • (15)O production rates in live and dead rabbit thighs agreed within 2%, validating the method.

Conclusions:

  • A novel method for quantitative measurement of (15)O production and clearance post-proton therapy was developed.
  • The method accurately described measurements in phantoms and rabbits.
  • Results support the feasibility of detailed proton therapy verification and monitoring permeability changes.