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Related Concept Videos

The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

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Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in...
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Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Fibril-associated Collagen01:11

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Fibril-associated collagens are a type of collagens present in the extracellular matrix with interrupted triple helices or FACIT (Fibril-associated collagens interrupted triple-helices). FACIT help connect and attach the collagen fibrils with each other as well as with other proteins of the extracellular matrix.
For example, the type II collagen fibrils in cartilage have covalently bound type IX fibril-associated collagens at regular intervals. Other types of fibril-associated collagens are...
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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts—...
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Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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The Mineral-Collagen Interface in Bone.

S R Stock1

  • 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL, 60611-3008, USA, s-stock@northwestern.edu.

Calcified Tissue International
|April 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Bone Biology
  • Composite Materials

Background:

  • Bone's composite structure, featuring collagen and carbonated hydroxyapatite (cAp), is key to its mechanical properties.
  • Studying the collagen-cAp interface is challenging due to the nanoscale dimensions and differing material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge of the carbonated hydroxyapatite-collagen interface in bone.
  • To explore interfacial interactions and their impact on bone's mechanical function.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on composite materials and bone structure.
  • Analysis of experimental data on interfacial interactions during mechanical loading.
  • Summary of findings from numerical modeling of interfacial behavior.

Main Results:

  • Interfacial interlocking of collagen around cAp nanoplatelets is crucial for load transfer.
  • Water-mediated bonding between collagen and cAp significantly contributes to interfacial strength.
  • Intra- and extrafibrillar mineral content influences interfacial property determinations.

Conclusions:

  • Interfacial interlocking and water-mediated bonding are essential for bone's load-bearing capacity.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex functions of the collagen-cAp interface.