Construct validity of cadaveric temporal bones for training and assessment in mastoidectomy

Area of Science:

• Surgical Education
• Otolaryngology
• Anatomical Simulation

Background:

• Mastoidectomy training requires effective simulation models.
• Cadaveric temporal bones offer a realistic platform for surgical skill development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish the construct validity of cadaveric temporal bones for mastoidectomy training.
• To assess the ability of this model to detect trainee performance progression.

Main Methods:

• Prospective observational study involving 34 otolaryngology trainees (8 novice, 26 intermediate).
• Step-wise modified radical mastoidectomy performed on cadaveric temporal bones.
• Performance evaluated using a validated assessment tool measuring task-specific (TS) and global skills (GS).
• Longitudinal assessment over 12 months and correlation with experience/training.

Main Results:

• Intermediate trainees significantly outperformed novices in both TS and GS (P < 0.001).
• Performance showed positive correlations with training level, number of procedures performed, and attendance at otological courses.
• Longitudinal assessment revealed significant skill improvement over time and with iterative practice (P = 0.008 for both TS and GS).

Conclusions:

• Cadaveric temporal bones possess construct validity for mastoidectomy training.
• This model effectively detects performance improvements in otolaryngology trainees.
• Validating this training model is crucial for advancing competency-based surgical education.