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Published on: August 5, 2021
In Vitro Behavior of Primary Human Osteoblasts Onto Microrough Titanium Surface
Vincenzo Luca Zizzari1, Guya Diletta Marconi, Marianna De Colli
1*Research Fellow, Department of Pharmacy, University of "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy. †PhD Student, Department of Pharmacy, University of "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy. ‡Research Fellow, Department of Pharmacy, University of "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy. §Researcher, Department of Pharmacy, University of "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy. ||Researcher, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. ¶Professor, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University of "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy. #Professor, Department of Pharmacy, University of "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy. **Professor, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy.
A novel inorganic ion coating enhances titanium implant surfaces, promoting better human osteoblast (HO) growth and biocompatibility compared to standard treatments. This improved surface supports cell adhesion and proliferation for potential dental and orthopedic applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Cell Biology
- Orthopedic Research
Background:
- Titanium implants are widely used in dentistry and orthopedics.
- Optimizing implant surface properties is crucial for osseointegration and clinical success.
- Understanding osteoblast response to different surface modifications is key for developing advanced implant materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the in vitro behavior and biocompatibility of primary human osteoblasts (HOs) on modified titanium implant surfaces.
- To compare the osteoblast response to a sandblasted/acid-etched surface versus one coated with inorganic ions.
- To assess the impact of surface treatment on cell adhesion, proliferation, and extracellular matrix production.
Main Methods:
- Human osteoblasts (HOs) were cultured on two types of titanium discs: sandblasted/acid-etched (control) and sandblasted/acid-etched with inorganic ion coating (test).
- Techniques included Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for cell morphology, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and MTT assays for cell viability and proliferation.
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to measure type 1 collagen, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion.
Main Results:
- Both surfaces supported HOs adhesion and proliferation, but the test surface showed enhanced cell spreading and attachment.
- The test surface exhibited lower LDH levels and higher MTT assay values, indicating reduced cell toxicity and increased metabolic activity.
- Type 1 collagen release peaked at 14 days and decreased by day 21 on both surfaces. IL-6 and PGE2 secretion showed an early peak in the control group but remained stable in both groups at later time points.
Conclusions:
- The inorganic ion-coated titanium surface (test group) demonstrated superior biocompatibility compared to the control surface.
- The test surface is well-tolerated and more suitable for supporting osteoblast growth and proliferation.
- This modified surface holds promise for improving implant performance in orthopedic and dental applications.
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