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Audiogenic reflex seizures in cats.

Mark Lowrie1, Claire Bessant2, Robert J Harvey3

  • 1Davies Veterinary Specialists, Hitchin, Hertfordshire, UK mll@vetspecialists.co.uk.

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
|April 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Feline audiogenic reflex seizures (FARS) are a newly identified epilepsy syndrome in older cats, characterized by myoclonic seizures triggered by high-frequency sounds. Levetiracetam shows promise for seizure control in affected cats.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Epilepsy Research
  • Feline Medicine

Background:

  • Audiogenic reflex seizures (FARS) represent a distinct neurological condition in cats.
  • Understanding the characteristics and progression of FARS is crucial for effective management.
  • Previous research on feline epilepsy has not fully characterized this specific syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical presentation, triggers, and outcomes of feline audiogenic reflex seizures (FARS).
  • To identify potential contributing factors and effective treatments for FARS.
  • To establish FARS as a distinct geriatric epilepsy syndrome in cats.

Main Methods:

  • An online questionnaire was distributed to cat owners to gather information on FARS.
  • Medical records from primary veterinarians were collated with owner-reported data.
  • Ninety-six cats diagnosed with FARS were included in the study.

Main Results:

  • Myoclonic seizures were a hallmark (90/96), often preceding generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCSs).
  • The syndrome typically presented in older cats (median age 15 years) and was triggered by high-frequency sounds, with some cats experiencing hearing impairment.
  • Levetiracetam provided good seizure control, and the epilepsy was non-progressive in most cases, though some cats showed a slow decline in quality of life over time.

Conclusions:

  • Feline audiogenic reflex seizures (FARS) constitute a distinct epilepsy syndrome with a geriatric onset.
  • Further research is needed to explore potential genetic predispositions for FARS.
  • Levetiracetam is a potentially effective treatment for managing FARS in cats.