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Published on: September 27, 2017
Formaldehyde exposure during pregnancy
Azita Amiri1, Erica Pryor, Marti Rice
1Azita Amiri is an Assistant Professor, College of Nursing, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL. She can be reached via e-mail at azita.amiri@uah.edu Erica Pryor is an Associate Professor, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. Marti Rice is a Professor, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. Charles A. Downs is an Assistant Professor, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. Anne Turner-Henson is a Professor, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. Michelle V. Fanucchi is an Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Pregnant women face risks from formaldehyde (FA) exposure. FA levels correlate with home temperature, new carpets, and nail polish use, highlighting potential residential sources during pregnancy.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Occupational Health
- Reproductive Health
Background:
- Pregnancy increases vulnerability to indoor air pollutants like formaldehyde (FA).
- Formaldehyde exposure is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including spontaneous abortion, birth defects, and premature birth.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess personal formaldehyde exposure levels in pregnant women.
- To investigate the link between formaldehyde exposure and residential sources.
Main Methods:
- 140 pregnant women in Huntsville, Alabama, were studied.
- Formaldehyde exposure was measured using personal vapor monitor badges.
- Questionnaires identified potential residential formaldehyde sources; urine cotinine assessed tobacco smoke exposure.
Main Results:
- Mean formaldehyde exposure was 0.04 ppm, with 36.4% exceeding minimum risk levels.
- Higher formaldehyde levels were observed in spring compared to winter.
- Exposure correlated with indoor temperature, new carpet installation, and nail polish use; no link to urine cotinine.
Conclusions:
- Formaldehyde exposure is a concern during pregnancy due to potential perinatal risks.
- Identifying and mitigating residential sources of formaldehyde is crucial for protecting pregnant women and fetuses.
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