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Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoprobes for Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Detection
Published on: February 16, 2020
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Who are the patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis?
Inês Sanches1, Aurora Carvalho2, Raquel Duarte3
1Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra- Hospital Geral, Coimbra, Portugal.
Revista Portuguesa De Pneumologia
|May 1, 2015
Summary
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) affects nearly a third of TB cases. Risk factors include age over 40, female gender, and HIV infection, aiding in early disease suspicion and diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health issue, with extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) accounting for 20% of all cases.
- Identifying risk factors for EPTB is crucial for effective public health strategies and clinical management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify independent risk factors associated with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).
Main Methods:
- A transversal study was conducted in northern Portugal from 2008 to 2012.
- Data collected included demographics, comorbidities, BCG vaccination, and prior TB treatment.
- Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to determine independent risk factors (p<0.05).
Main Results:
- Of 386 patients, 126 (32.6%) had EPTB.
- Independent risk factors for EPTB included age over 40 (OR=2.09), female gender (OR=1.63), and HIV infection (OR=2.72).
- Alcoholism was linked to pulmonary TB, liver disease to peritoneal TB, and HIV co-infection/previous TB treatment to disseminated disease.
Conclusions:
- Independent risk factors for EPTB were identified, including age, gender, and HIV status.
- Recognizing these risk factors is essential for clinical suspicion and accurate diagnosis of EPTB.
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