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Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
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Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

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The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
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Overview of Systemic Veins01:11

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Systemic veins are crucial blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood from various body tissues back to the heart. There are three systemic veins that return deoxygenated blood to the heart, they are as follows.
The coronary sinus, the heart's principal vein, resides in the coronary sulcus on the heart's posterior aspect. This broad venous channel receives nearly all venous blood from the myocardium, the heart muscle. It is fed by three primary veins: the great cardiac vein, the...
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Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

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Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
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Veins of Lower Limbs01:15

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The human body consists of an intricate network of veins responsible for the crucial task of blood drainage from the lower limbs. These veins can be categorized into two main types: deep veins and superficial veins.
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New Thrombectomy Technique for Total Portal Vein Thrombosis in Liver Transplantation
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Portal vein thrombosis.

Yogesh K Chawla1, Vijay Bodh1

  • 1Department of Hepatology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
|May 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) can occur with or without liver disease, often linked to prothrombotic states. Treatment varies by PVT type, with anticoagulation key for acute cases and managing portal hypertension for chronic ones.

Keywords:
ACLA, anti-cardiolipin antibodyAFP, alpha feto proteinBCS, Budd-Chiari syndromeCDUS, color doppler ultrasonographyCT, computed tomographyCTP, Child Turcotte PughEHPVO, extra hepatic portal venous obstructionEST, endoscopic sclerotherapyHCC, hepatocellular carcinomaHVPG, hepatic venous pressure gradientIGF-1, insulin like growth factor-1IGFBP-3, insulin like growth factor binding protein-3INR, international normalized ratioJAK-2, Janus kinase 2LA, lupus anticoagulantLMWH, low molecular weight heparinMELD, model for end stage liver diseaseMPD, myeloproliferative disorderMRI, magnetic resonance imagingMTHFR, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductaseMVT, mesenteric vein thrombosisOCPs, oral contraceptive pillsPAI-1 4G-4G, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1- 4G/4G genotypePNH, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuriaPV, portal veinPVTPVT, portal vein thrombosisPWUS, Pulsed Wave ultrasonographyRFA, radio frequency ablationSMA, superior mesenteric arterySMV, superior mesenteric veinTAFI, thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitorTARE, Trans arterial radioembolizationTB, tuberculosisTIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shuntUFH, unfractionated heparinacute and chronicanticoagulationimagingprothromboticrtPA, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Hematology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a significant cause of portal hypertension.
  • PVT can be associated with cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or occur independently.
  • Prothrombotic states are frequently identified as an underlying cause of PVT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the different variants of portal vein thrombosis.
  • To discuss the etiological factors, presentation, and management strategies for PVT.
  • To highlight the role of anticoagulation and other treatment modalities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on portal vein thrombosis.
  • Classification of PVT into acute non-cirrhotic, chronic (EHPVO), and cirrhotic variants.
  • Analysis of treatment approaches including anticoagulation, TIPS, liver transplant, and TARE.

Main Results:

  • PVT has diverse causes including prothrombotic states, endothelial activation, and stagnant blood flow.
  • Acute non-cirrhotic PVT and PVT in cirrhosis often benefit from anticoagulation.
  • Chronic PVT (EHPVO) management focuses on portal hypertension, with anticoagulation considered for prothrombotic states.

Conclusions:

  • Active investigation for procoagulant states is crucial in PVT management.
  • Anticoagulation is a primary therapy for acute PVT and shows promise in cirrhotic PVT.
  • Advanced interventions like TIPS, liver transplant, and TARE have roles in specific PVT scenarios.