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Functional optical coherence tomography: principles and progress.

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  • 1Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers advanced functional extensions of optical coherence tomography (OCT), including Doppler OCT, polarization-sensitive OCT, optical coherence elastography, spectroscopic OCT, and molecular imaging OCT, highlighting their clinical potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Medical Imaging Technology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has evolved with several functional extensions.
  • These extensions offer enhanced capabilities beyond standard OCT imaging.
  • Key advances in instrumentation, theory, signal processing, and clinical applications are emerging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key advances in functional extensions of OCT.
  • To highlight the instrumentation, theoretical analysis, signal processing, and clinical applications of these extensions.
  • To emphasize newer techniques like Spectroscopic OCT (SOCT) and molecular imaging OCT.

Main Methods:

  • Review of Doppler OCT (DOCT), Polarization-Sensitive OCT (PS-OCT), Optical Coherence Elastography (OCE), Spectroscopic OCT (SOCT), and Molecular Imaging OCT.
  • Analysis of studies involving ex vivo and in vivo human tissues for DOCT, PS-OCT, and OCE.
  • Focus on the principles and potential of SOCT and molecular imaging OCT.

Main Results:

  • The former three extensions (DOCT, PS-OCT, OCE) have undergone significant development with human tissue studies.
  • SOCT elucidates tissue characteristics like oxygenation and carcinogenesis via wavelength-dependent light interaction.
  • Molecular imaging OCT detects exogenous contrast agents for targeted visualization.

Conclusions:

  • Functional OCT extensions significantly broaden clinical applications.
  • SOCT and molecular imaging OCT show great promise for future clinical use.
  • These advanced OCT techniques provide novel insights into tissue activity unattainable by other methods.