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Related Experiment Video

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Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
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Mapping brain volumetric abnormalities in never-treated pathological gamblers.

Daniel Fuentes1, Patricia Rzezak2, Fabricio R Pereira2

  • 1Psychology & Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital, Medical School, University of São Paulo (IPq-HCFMUSP), Integrated Laboratories of Neuropsychology (LINEU), São Paulo, Brazil.

Psychiatry Research
|May 9, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Pathological gambling (PG) patients show increased global gray matter volume but decreased volumes in the left putamen, right thalamus, and right hippocampus compared to healthy volunteers (HV). These brain differences may underlie PG symptoms.

Keywords:
AddictionHippocampusImpulse control disorderMagnetic resonance imagingPutamenThalamus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Pathological gambling (PG) is a disorder with significant public health implications.
  • Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have explored brain abnormalities in PG, but few have focused on volumetric differences.
  • Understanding structural brain changes in PG is crucial for elucidating its pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain volume differences between male pathological gambling patients and matched healthy volunteers.
  • To identify specific brain regions affected by structural changes in pathological gambling.

Main Methods:

  • Structural MRI scans were acquired from 30 male never-treated PG patients and 30 healthy volunteers (HV).
  • Whole-brain voxelwise comparisons and regional volume analyses were performed using Freesurfer software.
  • Statistical analyses included false-discovery rate correction and uncorrected thresholds for significance.

Main Results:

  • No significant regional brain volume differences were found in the whole-brain voxelwise analysis.
  • PG patients exhibited increased absolute global gray matter volume compared to HV.
  • Reduced volumes were observed in the left putamen, right thalamus, and right hippocampus in PG patients relative to HV.

Conclusions:

  • Structural brain abnormalities, including altered gray matter volumes in specific regions, are associated with pathological gambling.
  • These findings suggest that the brain's reward system is implicated in the pathophysiology of PG.
  • Volumetric brain changes may contribute to the functional alterations observed in pathological gambling.