Slow light with large group index-bandwidth product in ellipse-hole photonic crystal waveguides

In this study, we propose a new type of slow light photonic crystal waveguide structure to achieve wideband slow light with low dispersion. The waveguide is based on a triangular lattice ellipse-hole photonic crystal imposed simply by a selective altering of the locations of the holes adjacent to the line defect. Under a constant group index criterion of ±10% variation, when group indices are nearly constants of 54, 69, and 80, their corresponding bandwidths of the flat band reach 12.7, 10.0, and 8.6 nm around 1550 nm, respectively. A nearly constant large group index-bandwidth product of 0.44 is achieved for all cases. Low dispersion slow light propagation is confirmed by studying the relative temporal pulse-width spreading with the two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method.