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Related Concept Videos

Impulse01:13

Impulse

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According to Newton’s second law of motion, the rate of change of the momentum of an object is the net external force acting on it. The total change in momentum between two timepoints thus depends on both the external force acting on it and the time over which it acts. Describing this mathematically, the total change of an object’s motion is proportional to the force vector and the time over which it is applied. This product is called impulse.
Additionally, it can be shown that the...
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Principle of Impulse and Moment01:15

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When one considers a rigid body undergoing a plane motion, which is essentially a blend of translational and rotational movement, the application of Newton's second law gives the formula for the translational movement of such a body. If this equation is multiplied by a time interval, dt, and then integrated over the limits of integration, it results in an equation that embodies the principle of linear impulse.
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Impulse-Momentum Theorem00:49

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The total change in the motion of an object is proportional to the total force vector acting on it and the time over which it acts. This product is called impulse, a vector quantity with the same direction as the total force acting on the object.
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Principle of Angular Impulse and Momentum01:23

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The angular impulse and momentum principle provides insights into how forces applied at a distance from an object's rotational axis influence its angular velocity. It builds upon the crucial relationship between the moment of force and angular momentum. By integrating this equation, substituting the limits for the initial and final times, a comprehensive expression representing the angular impulse and momentum principle is derived.
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Principle of Angular Impulse and Momentum: Problem Solving01:19

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Consider a ball of mass m, attached to a massless rod of known length, subjected to a time-dependent torque. If the initial velocity of the mass is known, then the final velocity of the mass for time t can be determined using the principle of angular impulse and momentum.
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Motion of a Projectile01:23

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Projectile motion becomes evident when a player kicks the ball into the air. The launch angle, or the angle at which the ball is kicked, plays a crucial role in determining the trajectory of the projectile. As the ball soars through the air, influenced solely by gravity, its motion can be dissected into two independent velocity components: the horizontal and the vertical.
Horizontal motion, governed by the initial kick, maintains a constant velocity throughout the flight of the soccer ball.
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Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task
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Examining Impulse-Variability in Kicking.

Andrew Chappell1, Sergio L Molina, Jonathon McKibben

  • 1Los Angeles Angels Baseball Club, Jonestown, TX.

Motor Control
|May 27, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found that kicking speed variability decreased linearly as maximum speed increased, contradicting the impulse-variability theory. Kicking accuracy did not follow the predicted inverted-U pattern.

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Area of Science:

  • Motor Control
  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • The impulse-variability theory predicts an inverted-U relationship between movement speed and variability.
  • The speed-accuracy trade-off suggests that faster movements are less accurate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if kicking speed variability and spatial accuracy align with the impulse-variability theory and speed-accuracy trade-off.
  • To analyze the relationship between different kicking speeds and performance outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-eight adults (18-25 years) performed kicks at 50-100% of their maximum speed.
  • Speed variability and spatial error were measured using repeated-measures ANOVA.
  • Polynomial contrasts were used to analyze the data.

Main Results:

  • Speed variability showed a significant inverse linear decrease with increasing speed (p < .001).
  • Higher variability was observed at 50% and 60% maximum speed compared to 100%.
  • Spatial error exhibited a significant quadratic fit (p < .0001).

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the general applicability of the impulse-variability theory to multijoint, ballistic skills.
  • The study suggests that the typical speed-accuracy trade-off may not hold for this type of motor performance.