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Graphene-based optical modulators.

Siyuan Luo1, Yanan Wang2, Xin Tong2

  • 1Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People's Republic of China ; State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, School of Microelectronics and Solid-State Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054 People's Republic of China.

Nanoscale Research Letters
|June 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Graphene optical modulators offer high performance for optical systems. This review covers recent advancements, principles, limitations, and future improvements for graphene-based optical and terahertz modulators.

Keywords:
AbsorptionAll-opticalBroadbandElectro-absorptionGrapheneOptical modulatorPhotonicsTerahertzUltrafast

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics and Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Optical modulators (OMs) are essential components in modern optical systems.
  • Graphene's unique optical properties make it a promising material for advanced OMs.
  • Graphene optical modulators (GOMs) offer potential for broadband response, high speed, and high modulation depth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest experimental and theoretical advancements in graphene optical modulators (GOMs).
  • To illustrate the operating principles of electro-optical and all-optical modulators based on graphene.
  • To discuss the limitations of current GOMs and explore methods for performance enhancement.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on experimental and theoretical demonstrations of GOMs.
  • Analysis of different GOM structures and functionalities.
  • Examination of electro-optical and all-optical modulation principles.

Main Results:

  • Graphene enables high-performance optical modulators with desirable characteristics.
  • Various GOM structures and functions have been demonstrated experimentally and theoretically.
  • Key principles of electro-optical and all-optical modulation using graphene are detailed.

Conclusions:

  • Graphene optical modulators represent a significant advancement in optical modulation technology.
  • Addressing current limitations is crucial for improving GOM performance and practicality.
  • Graphene terahertz modulators (GTMs) are an emerging application area.