Three-year clinical evaluation of posterior composite restorations placed with a single-step self-etch adhesive

In this clinical study, we evaluated the 3-year clinical performance of a resin composite containing a surface-prereacted glass ionomer (S-PRG) filler (Beautifil II; Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan) placed with a single-step self-etch adhesive (BeautiBond; Shofu Inc.) in posterior restorations. Using modified US Public Health Service criteria, two experienced investigators performed clinical evaluations at the baseline, 6 months, 18 months, and 3 years. Color match, marginal adaptation, anatomical form, surface roughness, marginal discoloration, postoperative sensitivity, and secondary caries were evaluated. After 3 years, 26 patients attended the recall and 31 restorations were evaluated. No postoperative sensitivity or secondary caries was observed at any time point, and no restorations failed during the follow-up period. However, surface roughness, marginal adaptation, and marginal discoloration showed deterioration after 3 years. In conclusion, although some clinical changes were observed, resin composite containing S-PRG filler placed with self-etch adhesive exhibited acceptable clinical behavior in posterior restorations.