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Chickenpox: treatment.

Jonathan Cohen1, Judith Breuer

  • 1University College London Hospital, London, UK.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|June 17, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This systematic review examines the effectiveness and safety of aciclovir for chickenpox treatment in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. It analyzes treatment effects within and after 24 hours of rash onset.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chickenpox (varicella) is a highly contagious viral infection affecting over 90% of unvaccinated individuals.
  • While typically mild, chickenpox can lead to severe complications like pneumonitis, especially in neonates and immunocompromised patients.
  • Global variations exist in the age of chickenpox infection, with higher incidence in childhood in some regions and later in others.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effects of antiviral treatment for chickenpox in healthy adults and children, including neonates.
  • To evaluate treatment efficacy in immunocompromised individuals with chickenpox.
  • To assess the impact of treatment timing (within or after 24 hours of rash onset) on outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review was conducted, searching major medical databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library) up to January 2014.
  • Six studies met the inclusion criteria for the review.
  • GRADE methodology was employed to evaluate the quality of evidence for the interventions studied.

Main Results:

  • The review identified studies on the effectiveness and safety of aciclovir for chickenpox treatment.
  • Evidence was evaluated for treatment administered within 24 hours and later than 24 hours after rash onset.
  • The analysis included both healthy and immunocompromised patient groups, encompassing adults, children, and neonates.

Conclusions:

  • The systematic overview provides data on the effectiveness and safety of aciclovir for chickenpox.
  • Findings cover treatment outcomes for healthy and immunocompromised individuals, considering different treatment timings.
  • This information aids in understanding aciclovir's role in managing chickenpox across various patient populations.