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Stunting is associated with poor outcomes in childhood pneumonia

Peter P Moschovis1, Emmanuel O D Addo-Yobo2, Salem Banajeh3

  • 1Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH
|June 18, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Childhood stunting significantly increases pneumonia treatment failure and prolongs recovery. Addressing stunting in low-resource settings may improve pneumonia outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Global child health
  • Nutritional epidemiology

Background:

  • Stunting affects over a quarter of children globally, with unknown impacts on childhood pneumonia outcomes.
  • Childhood pneumonia remains a leading cause of mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of stunting on treatment outcomes and recovery time in children with pneumonia.
  • To analyze data from two large clinical trials involving children with severe and amoxicillin-treated pneumonia.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 2542 children (aged 2-59 months) across 16 LMIC sites in two WHO/USAID-sponsored trials.
  • Stunting defined as height-for-age Z-score < -2. Assessed treatment failure by day 5 and time to resolution of hypoxemic pneumonia.

Main Results:

  • 28% of children were stunted. Stunted children had a higher treatment failure rate (16.0% vs. 11.5%).
  • Stunting was associated with increased risk of treatment failure (adjusted RR 1.28).
  • Among hypoxemic pneumonia patients, stunting correlated with slower normalization of respiratory rate and oxygen saturation.

Conclusions:

  • Stunting is a significant risk factor for increased pneumonia treatment failure and prolonged recovery in children.
  • Interventions to reduce childhood stunting could mitigate adverse pneumonia outcomes in resource-limited settings.
Abstract

Keywords:
desnutriciónfallo terapéuticoglobal healthmalnutritionneumoníapneumoniapneumoniesalud globalsanté mondialetreatment failureéchec du traitement

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