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Related Concept Videos

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The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
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DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
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In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
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RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 8, 2026

Pyrosequencing: A Simple Method for Accurate Genotyping
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Pyrosequencing: A Simple Method for Accurate Genotyping

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The History of Pyrosequencing(®).

Pål Nyrén1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 21, AlbaNova, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden, nyren@kth.se.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|June 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The development of Pyrosequencing, a DNA sequencing technique analyzing pyrophosphate release, began in 1986. This method is now widely used in academic, clinical, and industrial settings for various sequencing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The chapter details the personal journey of developing an alternative DNA sequencing method.
  • The core concept involves monitoring DNA polymerase activity via pyrophosphate release during nucleotide incorporation.

Observation:

  • The idea for Pyrosequencing originated in January 1986.
  • The technique was conceived during a bicycle ride, focusing on analyzing pyrophosphate byproducts.

Findings:

  • Pyrosequencing was developed as an innovative DNA sequencing technique.
  • The method relies on detecting pyrophosphate released during DNA synthesis.

Implications:

  • Pyrosequencing is now utilized globally across academic, clinical, and industrial sectors.
  • The technique supports both single-base and whole-genome sequencing applications.