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Quantitative Assessment Protocol for Facial Soft Tissue Volumetric Changes with Stereophotogrammetry
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Soft Tissue Alterations in Esthetic Postextraction Sites: A 3-Dimensional Analysis.

V Chappuis1, O Engel2, K Shahim3

  • 1Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland vivianne.chappuis@zmk.unibe.ch.

Journal of Dental Research
|July 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary

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Facial soft tissue thickness increases significantly in thin bone phenotypes after tooth extraction, masking underlying bone loss. This spontaneous thickening aids future implant and bone regeneration procedures in the esthetic zone.

Area of Science:

  • Dental implantology
  • Periodontology
  • Oral surgery

Background:

  • Dimensional changes in facial soft and bone tissues post-extraction are critical for dental implant success.
  • Understanding the interaction between soft tissue and bone anatomy during healing is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively investigate the interplay between soft tissue dimensions and bone anatomy during an 8-week healing period after tooth extraction.
  • To analyze dimensional alterations in both soft and bone tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized sequential 3D digital surface model superimpositions of soft and bone tissues.
  • Employed digital impressions and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) over an 8-week period.
  • Compared dimensional changes in thin versus thick bone phenotypes.
Keywords:
bone remodelingclinical trialregenerationthree-dimensional imagingtooth extractionwound healing

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Main Results:

  • Soft tissue thickness was initially similar (0.7-0.8 mm) in both thin and thick bone phenotypes.
  • Thin bone phenotypes showed a 7-fold increase in soft tissue thickness after 8 weeks, while thick phenotypes remained unchanged.
  • Spontaneous soft tissue thickening in thin phenotypes (1.6 mm vertical loss) masked significant underlying bone resorption (7.5 mm vertical loss).
  • No significant difference in total tissue loss was detected between phenotypes due to soft tissue thickening.
  • Over 51% of dimensional changes occurred within the first 2 weeks of healing.

Conclusions:

  • Spontaneous soft tissue thickening in thin bone phenotypes following tooth extraction conceals significant bone resorption.
  • Despite masking bone deficiency, this thickening offers advantages for subsequent bone regeneration and implant therapies in esthetic areas.