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Orofacial Granulomatosis
Arwa Al-Hamad1, Stephen Porter2, Stefano Fedele3
1Oral Medicine Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK; Dental Services, Ministry of National Guard, King Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is an uncommon chronic inflammatory disorder of the orofacial region. It is characterized by subepithelial noncaseating granulomas and has a spectrum of possible clinical manifestations ranging from subtle oral mucosal swelling to permanent disfiguring fibrous swelling of the lips and face. Etiopathogenesis is unknown. A range of systemic granulomatous disorders, including Crohn disease and sarcoidosis, may cause orofacial manifestations that cannot be distinguished from those of OFG. Treatment of OFG has proven difficult and unsatisfactory, with no single therapeutic model showing consistent efficacy in reducing orofacial swelling and mucosal inflammation.
