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Light Dosimetry at Tissue Surfaces for Small Circular Fields.

Timothy C Zhu1, Andreea Dimofte1, Stephen M Hahn1

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.

Proceedings of Spie--The International Society for Optical Engineering
|July 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small circular light fields used in photodynamic therapy deliver lower light fluence rates than broad beams. Accurate dosimetry for these small fields requires Monte Carlo simulations and detector corrections.

Keywords:
Monte CarloSmall circular fieldsdiffuse reflectancediffusion theoryin-vivo light dosimetrytissue optical properties

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Photodynamic Therapy Dosimetry
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Small circular light fields (≤ 2 cm diameter) are utilized in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treating superficial skin and chest wall cancers.
  • The lateral dimensions of these small fields are comparable to the photon's mean free path in tissue, leading to reduced light fluence rates compared to broad beams.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare Monte Carlo (MC) simulations with in-vivo dosimetry measurements for small circular light fields.
  • To quantify the reduction in light fluence rate for small circular fields relative to broad beams in PDT applications.

Main Methods:

  • Monte Carlo simulations were performed for circular fields with radii ranging from 0.25 to 8 cm.
  • Simulations used optical properties mimicking biological tissue (intralipid and ink) across visible and near-infrared wavelengths (532-730 nm).
  • In-vivo dosimetry measurements were conducted in a liquid phantom and compared with MC simulation results.

Main Results:

  • Measured light fluence rates showed agreement with MC simulations within 10%, with measured values slightly lower at the tissue surface.
  • The ratio of peak fluence rates between circular and broad beams ranged from 0.58 to 1.00 for field sizes between 0.5-2 cm.
  • Optical penetration depth was reduced for smaller circular fields compared to broad beams, and off-axis ratios indicated significant fluence rate reduction away from the central axis.

Conclusions:

  • In-vivo dosimetry validates Monte Carlo simulations for small field dosimetry in PDT, provided isotropic detectors are corrected for their blind spot.
  • Small circular light fields result in substantially lower light fluence rates compared to broad beams of identical incident irradiance, impacting treatment efficacy.