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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
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Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
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In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
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Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles
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M13 Bacteriophage-Based Self-Assembly Structures and Their Functional Capabilities.

Jong-Sik Moon1, Won-Geun Kim2, Chuntae Kim3

  • 1BK21 Plus Division of Nano Convergence Technology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.

Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry
|July 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

M13 bacteriophage (Phage) enables controlled, inexpensive, and eco-friendly self-assembly of inorganic nanostructures. This novel building block facilitates homogeneous distribution and network formation for advanced material applications.

Keywords:
BiocompatibilityM-13 bacteriophagegenetic engineeringself-assembly.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Controlling the assembly of structural building blocks is crucial across physics, chemistry, material science, biological engineering, and electrical engineering.
  • Self-assembly offers unique advantages for creating ordered structures.
  • M13 bacteriophage (Phage) is a versatile biological entity for templating nanostructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the application of M13 bacteriophage in self-assembly techniques.
  • To highlight the use of M13 bacteriophage as a functional building block for inorganic nanostructures.
  • To discuss recent advancements and future prospects of M13 bacteriophage self-assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic and chemical modification of M13 bacteriophage for specific functions.
  • Utilizing M13 bacteriophage as a template for inorganic nanostructure formation.
  • Achieving self-assembly under ambient conditions.

Main Results:

  • M13 bacteriophage facilitates homogeneous distribution of inorganic nanostructures.
  • Percolated network structures of inorganic nanostructures can be formed.
  • Inexpensive and environmentally friendly synthesis methods are enabled.

Conclusions:

  • M13 bacteriophage is a promising functional building block for self-assembly.
  • This technique offers a cost-effective and sustainable approach to nanostructure fabrication.
  • Further research into M13 bacteriophage self-assembly holds significant potential for diverse scientific and engineering fields.