Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 8, 2026
An Improved Method for Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Anesthetized Mice
Published on: March 19, 2018
Community-Acquired Pneumonia Requiring Hospitalization among U.S. Adults.
Seema Jain1, Wesley H Self, Richard G Wunderink
1From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (S.J., A.M.B., C.R., M.L., S.L., J.M.W., J.M.K., D.E., E.S., L.A.H., L.F.); Vanderbilt University School of Medicine (W.H.S., C.G.G., J.D.C., F.C., D.J.W., Y.Z., K.M.E.) and University of Tennessee Health Science Center-Saint Thomas Health (C.T.), Nashville, and Le Bonheur Children's Hospital (S.R.A., J.A.M.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center (S.R.A., J.A.M.), and St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (J.A.M.), Memphis - all in Tennessee; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (R.G.W., E.J.A., D.M.C., C.Q., E.M.H., H.K.D., G.W.W.), John H. Stroger, Jr., Hospital of Cook County (S.F.), and Rush University Medical Center (R.B.) - all in Chicago; University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (K.A., A.T.P.); and University of Western Australia, Perth (G.W.W.).
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant cause of hospitalization in U.S. adults, particularly the elderly. Respiratory viruses were more frequently detected than bacteria, though a pathogen remained unidentified in most cases.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) represents a major cause of hospitalization and mortality in the United States adult population.
- Accurate incidence data for CAP, confirmed by radiography and current diagnostics, are crucial for public health planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the population-based incidence of CAP requiring hospitalization among U.S. adults.
- To identify common pathogens responsible for CAP and analyze incidence rates by age group and pathogen type.
Main Methods:
- Active population-based surveillance was conducted in five Chicago and Nashville hospitals for CAP requiring hospitalization in adults aged 18 years and older.
- Exclusion criteria included recent hospitalization or severe immunosuppression. Specimens were collected for comprehensive pathogen testing, and chest radiographs were reviewed by radiologists.
- Incidence rates were calculated based on radiographic confirmation, age, and identified pathogens.
Main Results:
- The annual incidence of CAP was 24.8 cases per 10,000 adults, with significantly higher rates in older adults (63.0 for 65-79 years, 164.3 for ≥80 years).
- Among patients with confirmed pneumonia and available specimens, a pathogen was identified in 38%, with viruses (23%) detected more often than bacteria (11%).
- Human rhinovirus, influenza virus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the most common pathogens identified.
Conclusions:
- The incidence of CAP requiring hospitalization escalates with age, disproportionately affecting the oldest adult populations.
- A significant proportion of CAP cases remained without an identified pathogen, even with current diagnostic capabilities.
- Respiratory viruses were identified more frequently than bacterial pathogens in hospitalized CAP patients.
Related Concept Videos
06:40An Improved Method for Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Anesthetized Mice
08:40Absolute Quantification of Aβ1-42 in CSF Using a Mass Spectrometric Reference Measurement Procedure
11:47Treating SCA1 Mice with Water-Soluble Compounds to Non-Specifically Boost Mitochondrial Function
05:51Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain
11:56A Rapid and Specific Microplate Assay for the Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Ascorbate in Cultured Cells
14:55Direct Intraventricular Delivery of Drugs to the Rodent Central Nervous System