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Design of a Heterogeneous Catalyst Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals for Cyclopropanation: Synthesis and Solid-State
Jiquan Liu1, Andreas Plog2, Pedro Groszewicz1
1Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, 64287 Darmstadt (Germany).
Abstract:
Heterogeneous dirhodium(II) catalysts based on environmentally benign and biocompatible cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-Rh2) as support material were obtained by ligand exchange between carboxyl groups on the CNC surface and Rh2(OOCCF3)4, as was confirmed by solid-state (19)F and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. On average, two CF3COO(-) groups are replaced during ligand exchange, which is consistent with quantitative analysis by a combination of (19)F NMR spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. CNC-Rh2 catalysts performed well in a model cyclopropanation reaction, in spite of the low dirhodium(II) content on the CNC surface (0.23 mmol g(-1)). The immobilization through covalent bonding combined with the separate locations of binding positions and active sites of CNC-Rh2 guarantees a high stability against leaching and allows the recovery and reuse of the catalyst during the cyclopropanation reaction.
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