Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs02:26

Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs

19.3K
Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
19.3K
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

101.7K
The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
101.7K
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

19.9K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
19.9K
Genetic Variation01:25

Genetic Variation

1.6K
Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles,...
1.6K
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

779.2K
DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
779.2K
Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

4.9K
Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved...
4.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Variant Allele Characterization in STR Markers Using Next-Generation Sequencing.

Genes·2026
Same author

INTERPOL Review of Forensic Biology and DNA, 2023-2025.

Forensic science international. Synergy·2026
Same author

SiMSen-Seq STR sequencing across five laboratories enables lowered noise thresholds and improved allele calling.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same author

DNA polymerase characteristics influence noise levels in sequencing of short tandem repeats.

BMC genomics·2026
Same author

Advancing forensic SNP typing: Insights from an interlaboratory study of the FORCE panel.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same author

A quantitative method to assess DNA extraction efficiency.

Journal of forensic sciences·2026
Same journal

Quantitative DNA/RNA fragmentation assays for estimating the time since deposition (TsD) of bloodstains.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Ensaya: An ensemble age model for prediction of chronological age in adolescents and young adults.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Comparison of key diagnostics for probabilistic interpretation of STR mixture data generated with length-based and MPS methodologies.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Likelihood Ratios Given Activity-Level Propositions for DNA Transfer Evidence: Theoretical Foundations of the HaloGen Framework (Part I).

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Likelihood Ratios Given Activity-Level Propositions for DNA Transfer Evidence: Practical Implementation and Simulation Studies Using the HaloGen Engine (Part II).

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
Same journal

Forensic evaluation of 101 identity-informative SNPs in a Filipino population using massively parallel sequencing.

Forensic science international. Genetics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: Characterizing DNA Replication of Pathogenic Repeats to Uncover Mechanisms of Replication Fork Stalling and Expansion
05:22

Author Spotlight: Characterizing DNA Replication of Pathogenic Repeats to Uncover Mechanisms of Replication Fork Stalling and Expansion

Published on: September 13, 2024

1.4K

STR allele sequence variation: Current knowledge and future issues.

Katherine Butler Gettings1, Rachel A Aponte2, Peter M Vallone1

  • 1U.S National Institute of Standards and Technology, Biomolecular Measurement Division, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.

Forensic Science International. Genetics
|July 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review compiles known short tandem repeat (STR) allelic sequence variations for 24 globally used forensic DNA loci. It details genomic information and discusses future nomenclature for next-generation sequencing.

Keywords:
DNA databaseForensic DNASTR lociSTR nomenclatureSequence variationShort tandem repeat

More Related Videos

Application of DNA Fingerprinting using the D1S80 Locus in Lab Classes
08:35

Application of DNA Fingerprinting using the D1S80 Locus in Lab Classes

Published on: July 17, 2021

23.6K
A Method to Study the C924T Polymorphism of the Thromboxane A2 Receptor Gene
07:00

A Method to Study the C924T Polymorphism of the Thromboxane A2 Receptor Gene

Published on: April 1, 2019

10.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: Characterizing DNA Replication of Pathogenic Repeats to Uncover Mechanisms of Replication Fork Stalling and Expansion
05:22

Author Spotlight: Characterizing DNA Replication of Pathogenic Repeats to Uncover Mechanisms of Replication Fork Stalling and Expansion

Published on: September 13, 2024

1.4K
Application of DNA Fingerprinting using the D1S80 Locus in Lab Classes
08:35

Application of DNA Fingerprinting using the D1S80 Locus in Lab Classes

Published on: July 17, 2021

23.6K
A Method to Study the C924T Polymorphism of the Thromboxane A2 Receptor Gene
07:00

A Method to Study the C924T Polymorphism of the Thromboxane A2 Receptor Gene

Published on: April 1, 2019

10.6K

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • Short tandem repeat (STR) loci are foundational in forensic DNA identification.
  • Understanding STR allelic sequence variation is crucial for accurate forensic investigations.
  • Global use of specific STR loci necessitates comprehensive data on their variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compile known short tandem repeat (STR) allelic sequence variation.
  • To analyze variation in and around the 24 most commonly used forensic STR loci worldwide.
  • To provide genomic context and compare current allelic ladders with known variations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of reported STR allelic sequence variations.
  • Compilation of genomic data from public databases (GenBank, dbSNP, 1000 Genomes Project).
  • Analysis of supplementary data including annotated sequences and variation characterization.

Main Results:

  • A comprehensive catalog of known variant alleles for 24 core forensic STR loci.
  • Detailed genomic information surrounding these STR loci.
  • Comparison of existing STR kit allelic ladders with identified sequence variations.

Conclusions:

  • Current knowledge on STR allelic sequence variation is synthesized for 24 key forensic loci.
  • Genomic data and variation analysis provide a foundation for understanding STR diversity.
  • Future STR nomenclature must accommodate next-generation sequencing capabilities.