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Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Continuous Venous-Arterial Doppler Ultrasound During a Preload Challenge
Published on: January 20, 2023
Duplex Doppler Imaging of Dialysis Fistulae and Grafts
Mari Bozoghlanian1, Chandana Lall1, Roozbeh Houshyar1
1Department of Radiology, UC Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA.
Abstract:
Arteriovenous fistulae and grafts for hemodialysis access are a lifeline in patients with end-stage renal disease. A significant cause of morbidity and mortality in this population is dialysis access dysfunction. Duplex ultrasound imaging is an excellent modality to evaluate arteriovenous fistulae and grafts, the 2 main types of long-term hemodialysis access. This review provides a detailed Doppler ultrasound protocol for evaluation of fistulae or grafts to familiarize imagers with their normal appearance, highlighting common dialysis access complications.
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Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Doppler Ultrasound Blood Pressure Assessment:
Preparation of Equipment:

