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Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Electromagnetic Controlled Closed-Head Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice
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A Mouse Ear Model for Bystander Studies Induced by Microbeam Irradiation.

M Buonanno1, G Randers-Pehrson1, L B Smilenov2

  • 1a  Radiological Research Accelerator Facility, Columbia University, Irvington, New York 10533;

Radiation Research
|July 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary

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This study shows radiation-induced bystander effects in a living mouse model. Microbeam irradiation caused DNA damage beyond the direct irradiation zone in skin cells.

Area of Science:

  • Radiation biology
  • In vivo studies
  • Mammalian models

Background:

  • Radiation-induced bystander effects are well-documented in vitro but understudied in vivo.
  • Investigating these effects in a whole organism is crucial for understanding radiation responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate radiation-induced bystander effects in vivo using microbeam irradiation in a living mammal.
  • To establish a mammalian model for studying these effects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 3 MeV proton microbeam to irradiate the mouse ear.
  • Employed immunohistochemical analysis of gamma-H2AX foci to detect DNA damage.
  • Developed a custom holder for precise irradiation of the mouse ear in vivo.

Main Results:

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  • Proton microbeam irradiation induced gamma-H2AX foci in mouse ear keratinocytes.
  • DNA damage was observed in cells significantly wider than the direct irradiation path (~35 μm), exceeding 150 μm.
  • No bystander effects were observed in adjacent or opposite epidermal layers.

Conclusions:

  • This study demonstrates the first in vivo evidence of radiation-induced bystander effects using microbeam irradiation in a living mammal.
  • The mouse ear model is validated as a suitable system for studying in vivo radiation-induced bystander effects.