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Deterministic photon-emitter coupling in chiral photonic circuits.

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Engineered photonic-crystal waveguides enable chiral light-matter interactions, directing single-photon emission with over 90% directionality. This breakthrough facilitates non-reciprocal photonic elements for quantum technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Quantum Information Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nanophotonic waveguides enhance light-matter interactions by confining photons.
  • Typically, quantum emitters interact symmetrically with photons in both directions within a waveguide.
  • Local electric-field components in nanophotonic structures can break this symmetry, enabling directional emission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate directional single-photon emission controlled by quantum emitter helicity.
  • To engineer photonic-crystal waveguides for chiral light-matter interactions.
  • To explore applications in quantum information processing and novel photonic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing specially engineered photonic-crystal waveguides.
  • Investigating the helicity of quantum optical transitions.
  • Measuring single-photon emission directionality and waveguide coupling efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Achieved single-photon emission directionality exceeding 90%.
  • Demonstrated that quantum emitter helicity dictates emission direction.
  • Showcased efficient coupling of emitted photons to the waveguide.

Conclusions:

  • Chiral light-matter interactions in engineered waveguides enable deterministic, highly directional single-photon emission.
  • This enables on-chip non-reciprocal photonic elements crucial for quantum diodes, transistors, and gates.
  • Potential applications include entangled state preparation and topological photonics.