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Shading sandflats did not alter ecosystem functions, but it did change the factors influencing them. This suggests aquatic ecosystems possess resilience to light reduction stress.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine ecology
  • Estuarine ecosystem functioning
  • Benthic ecology

Background:

  • Real-world ecosystems face challenges in identifying stressor impacts on functioning.
  • Aquatic systems can be affected by reduced water clarity, impacting photosynthesis and consumers.
  • Detecting turbidity effects in naturally turbid estuaries is difficult.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of experimental shading on ecosystem functions in sandflats.
  • To assess impacts on microphytobenthos and the macrofauna Macomona liliana.
  • To understand shifts in the drivers of ecosystem function under stress.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental deployment of shade cloths reducing light by ~80% on intertidal sandflats.
  • Measurement of sediment properties, macrofauna, and sediment-water fluxes (oxygen, nutrients) after 13 weeks.
  • Generation of a multivariate metric of ecosystem function (MF) and analysis using distance-based linear models.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in MF or individual ecosystem function variables were found between shaded and non-shaded plots.
  • Shading significantly reduced the total explained variation in MF, from 64% to 15%.
  • The relative influence of Macomona liliana and other variables on MF shifted under shading.

Conclusions:

  • Sandflat ecosystem functions demonstrated resilience to experimental shade stress.
  • Shade stress altered the drivers of ecosystem functioning, affecting the influence of key species like Macomona liliana.
  • While functions remained stable, the underlying mechanisms driving them were altered, indicating a shift in ecosystem dynamics.