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In Vitro Model of Physiological and Pathological Blood Flow with Application to Investigations of Vascular Cell Remodeling
Published on: November 3, 2015
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Blood flow modulation of vascular dynamics.
Juhyun Lee1, René R Sevag Packard, Tzung K Hsiai
1aDepartment of Bioengineering bDepartment of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology cDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA *Juhyun Lee and René R. Sevag Packard contributed equally to the writing of this article.
Current Opinion in Lipidology
|July 29, 2015
Summary
Blood flow
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Fluid Mechanics
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Blood flow is crucial for cardiovascular development, repair, and dysfunction.
- Hemodynamic shear forces, mechanotransduction, and metabolic effects are key principles.
- Understanding these factors is vital for cardiovascular health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the fluid mechanical principles of hemodynamic shear forces.
- To explore mechanotransduction and metabolic effects of blood flow.
- To elucidate the role of shear stress in vascular development and repair.
Main Methods:
- Review of fluid mechanical principles.
- Analysis of shear stress characteristics (steady laminar, pulsatile, oscillatory).
- Examination of signaling pathways (Wnt, Notch, JNK).
Main Results:
- Pulsatile shear stress (PSS) modulates vascular oxidative stress and inflammation.
- Atheroprotective PSS promotes antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic responses.
- Atherogenic oscillatory shear stress induces detrimental signaling pathways and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Conclusions:
- Blood flow dynamically influences vascular development and repair.
- Augmenting PSS offers atheroprotection and promotes vascular regeneration.
- Shear stress reactivates developmental signaling pathways for vascular repair.
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