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Negative pressure wound therapy use to decrease surgical nosocomial events in colorectal resections (NEPTUNE): study

Sami A Chadi1, Kelly N Vogt2, Sarah Knowles3

  • 1Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada. samchadi@gmail.com.

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Summary
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Negative pressure wound therapy may reduce surgical site infections (SSIs) after open colorectal surgery. This study investigated its effectiveness in preventing SSIs in patients undergoing elective open colorectal resection.

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical innovation and patient outcomes
  • Infection control in surgical procedures
  • Wound management techniques

Background:

  • Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a common complication, particularly after colorectal resections due to intraluminal contamination.
  • Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has shown promise in reducing SSIs in other surgical fields.
  • Evidence from randomized controlled trials is lacking for NPWT in elective open colorectal resections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in reducing surgical site infections (SSIs) following elective open colorectal resection.
  • To compare NPWT to standard gauze dressings in preventing SSIs in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center, prospective, randomized, blinded-endpoint controlled trial involving 300 patients undergoing elective open colorectal resection.
  • Patients were randomized to receive either a standard gauze dressing or a negative pressure wound device.
  • Primary outcome was SSI within 30 days post-operation; secondary outcomes included hospital stay, readmissions, and costs.

Main Results:

  • The NEPTUNE trial is the first randomized controlled trial to assess incisional NPWT for reducing SSIs in elective open colorectal resections.
  • Results indicate NPWT may be a low-risk intervention to decrease SSI-related morbidity and costs.

Conclusions:

  • Incisional negative pressure wound therapy shows potential for reducing surgical site infections in patients undergoing elective open colorectal resection.
  • This intervention may offer a valuable strategy for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs associated with SSIs.