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Efavirenz Concentrations and Probability of HIV Replication in Children
Nontiya Homkham1, Tim R Cressey, Naïm Bouazza
1From the *Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD UMI 174-PHPT), Marseille, France; †Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; ‡Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand; §Ecole Doctorale de Santé Publique, Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France; ¶Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; ‖Unité de Recherche Clinique Paris Centre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris; **CIC1419, INSERM & APHP, EAU08 Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; ††Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital, Chiangrai, Thailand; ‡‡Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; §§Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; ¶¶Samutsakhon Hospital, Samutsakhon, Thailand; and ‖‖Somdej Prapinklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Abstract:
In 188 HIV-infected children receiving efavirenz, a lower mid-dose (C12) was associated with a higher risk of HIV-1 viral load >400 copies/mL (P = 0.03). Simulations for a normalized population receiving US Food and Drug Administration weight-band dosing predicted that 15% of children would have a C12 below target threshold (<1.0 mg/L) with a 23% risk of viral replication.
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