[Hydrogen Sulfide as a Third Essential Gas Molecule in Living Tissues]

The data offoreign studies over the last 15 years devoted to endogenous synthesis and biological role of hydrogen sulfide in micromolar quantities which complemented the already two well-known gas transmitters - OH and NO are presented in this review. Despite the short period since the physiological properties of hydrogen sulfide were opened (about 20 years) it was found that this gas transmitter plays a key role in the regulation of nerve (neural signal transmission), cardiovascular (relaxation of smooth muscles), immune (antinflammatory and cytoprotective agent) sensory, gastrointestinal (output of insulin) systems and in the metabolism of various organs. Currently the role of H2S in the pathogenesis of different diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, heart failure) is being studying. The developments of drugs that act as either exogenous donors H2S or blockers of the biosynthesis of H2S are promising. With consideration the fact that H2S is a representative of non-synaptic way of intercellular communication based on diffusion of molecules of inorganic compounds in the intercellular space in all directions and effect on distant from their place offormation non- synaptic receptors it is suggested to use exogenous H2S in strict proportion for the treatment of a number of human diseases.