Management of Functional Constipation in Children: Therapy in Practice

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Gastroenterology
• Clinical Pediatrics

Background:

• Functional constipation is a prevalent global health issue in children.
• It significantly contributes to healthcare utilization and associated costs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the evaluation and management strategies for functional constipation in pediatric patients.
• To summarize available pharmacological treatments for childhood functional constipation.

Main Methods:

• The review synthesizes information on clinical diagnosis, emphasizing medical history and physical examination.
• It outlines non-pharmacological interventions including education, toilet training, and diary use.
• Pharmacological treatment is detailed in a three-step approach: disimpaction, maintenance, and weaning.

Main Results:

• Functional constipation is primarily a clinical diagnosis, often not requiring further investigations.
• Non-pharmacological interventions are foundational, complemented by pharmacological treatments when necessary.
• Oral laxatives, particularly polyethylene glycol, are the preferred first-line pharmacological agents.

Conclusions:

• Effective management of pediatric functional constipation relies on a stepwise approach combining behavioral and pharmacological strategies.
• Accurate clinical evaluation is key, with targeted interventions improving patient outcomes.
• Polyethylene glycol represents a primary therapeutic option for maintenance treatment.