Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

1.6K
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
1.6K
Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

3.4K
Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
3.4K
The Influence of Cognition on Affect01:29

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

306
Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
306
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

3.0K
Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
3.0K
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

978
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
978
Cognition and Behavior01:23

Cognition and Behavior

459
Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
459

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Differences in motivation for biology learning: A measurement invariance testing and latent mean comparison approach.

Anatomical sciences education·2025
Same author

Construction and validation of the Racially Biased Reasoning Scale: A measure of beliefs about police interactions with people of color.

Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology·2023
Same author

How Instructors Can Enhance Biology Students' Motivation, Learning, and Grades through Brief Relevance Writing and Worked-Example Interventions.

Journal of microbiology & biology education·2021
Same author

Development of a Tool to Assess Inference-Making and Reasoning in Biology.

Journal of microbiology & biology education·2021
Same author

Let Your Ideas Flow: Using Flowcharts to Convey Methods and Implications of the Results in Laboratory Exercises, Articles, Posters, and Slide Presentations.

Journal of microbiology & biology education·2018
Same author

Educational neuroscience: definitional, methodological, and interpretive issues.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science·2015
Same journal

Functional Neural Architecture of Working Memory in Musicians: An ALE Meta-Analysis and Review.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Collective Memory in Animals.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

What Counts as an Environment in Memory Research? Conceptualizing Environment Across Memory Traditions.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Origins and Evolution of Imagination, From Australopithecus to Modern-Day Deep Learning.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Multilevel Perceptual-Motor Coupling: From Action Understanding to Execution.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Hope in Early Childhood: Novel Methodology for Measuring Hope in 5- and 6-Year-Olds.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

4.5K

Instruction and cognition.

Jennifer G Cromley1, James P Byrnes1

  • 1Department of Psychological Studies in Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Cognitive Science
|August 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive science research offers effective teaching strategies like spaced learning and quizzing. Applying these evidence-based methods can enhance student learning outcomes in K-12 classrooms.

More Related Videos

Practical Methodology of Cognitive Tasks Within a Navigational Assessment
05:19

Practical Methodology of Cognitive Tasks Within a Navigational Assessment

Published on: June 1, 2015

14.1K
Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum
11:47

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

Published on: February 15, 2015

30.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

4.5K
Practical Methodology of Cognitive Tasks Within a Navigational Assessment
05:19

Practical Methodology of Cognitive Tasks Within a Navigational Assessment

Published on: June 1, 2015

14.1K
Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum
11:47

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

Published on: February 15, 2015

30.5K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Effective instruction aligns with cognitive principles for optimal student learning.
  • Contemporary K-12 classrooms face constraints impacting instructional design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review "second wave" cognitive science research relevant to K-12 instruction.
  • To contextualize research findings within practical classroom environments.
  • To advocate for integrating cognitive science principles into teaching.

Main Methods:

  • Review of "second wave" cognitive science research, including spaced learning, worked examples, and quizzing.
  • Analysis structured by a US Department of Education Practice Guide.
  • Contextualization within the K-12 educational setting.

Main Results:

  • Identified key cognitive science principles: spaced learning, worked examples, dual coding, concrete representations, quizzing, delayed judgment of learning, and explanatory reasoning.
  • Highlighted the importance of aligning instructional methods with cognitive processing.
  • Acknowledged practical constraints faced by teachers and administrators.

Conclusions:

  • Emphasized the need for educators to utilize evidence-based cognitive science strategies.
  • Recommended continued integration of cognitive science findings into teacher training and practice.
  • Called for further research into motivational factors influencing the adoption of effortful learning principles.