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Judgment: a cognitive processing perspective.

Thorsten Pachur1, Arndt Bröder2

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Cognitive strategies guide human judgment, adapting to individual abilities and task demands. This research explores various computational models of judgment processes and their adaptive nature.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision Making
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Judgment research historically focused on sensation regularities and accuracy.
  • Recent research emphasizes information processing mechanisms and cognitive strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To contrast the strategy approach with prior judgment research programs.
  • To overview various process-level accounts and computational models of judgment.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing research on judgment processes.
  • Examination of computational models including cue-abstraction, evidence accumulation, exemplar processing, and constraint satisfaction.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive processes in judgment vary significantly with individual cognitive capacity and task environment characteristics.
  • Systematic variations in strategy use are adaptive responses to learning, information acquisition, and execution costs.

Conclusions:

  • Judgment strategies are not fixed but are contingent on cognitive and environmental factors.
  • Understanding these adaptive strategy shifts is key to modeling human judgment.