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[Diabetic nephropathy in children: study using the amount of urinary albumin]
Insights
Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication in Type I Diabetes. This study found that microalbuminuria, an early sign of kidney damage, affects a significant percentage of children with Type I Diabetes, increasing with disease duration.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Pediatrics
Context:
- Diabetic nephropathy affects 30-50% of Type I Diabetes patients, leading to chronic renal failure and mortality.
- Urinary albumin assessment is crucial for identifying at-risk populations, studying disease mechanisms, and evaluating therapeutic responses.
Purpose:
- To investigate the albumin excretion rate (AER) in pediatric Type I Diabetes patients.
- To determine the relationship between AER and the duration of Type I Diabetes in children.
Summary:
- A RIA technique was employed to measure AER in 30 pediatric Type I Diabetes patients and 9 controls.
- Patients were grouped by disease duration: <5 years (Group I), 5-10 years (Group II), and >10 years (Group III).
- Microalbuminuria was detected in 16.6% of Group I, 40% of Group II, and 12.5% of Group III, indicating increased prevalence with disease duration.
Impact:
- Establishes microalbuminuria as a significant finding in pediatric Type I Diabetes, correlating with disease duration.
- Highlights the importance of early detection and monitoring of kidney function in diabetic children.
- Provides preliminary data for further research into the physiopathology and management of diabetic nephropathy in pediatric populations.
Abstract:
It is well known that 30 to 50% of patients with Type I Diabetes develop nephropathy and that chronic renal failure, it's final pathway, is the main cause of death. Assessment of urinary albumin becomes an essential tool for identifying the population at risk of developing nephropathy, to study its physiopathologic mechanisms and to evaluate the response to therapeutic trials. The present article is a preliminary report on the study of urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) in a pediatric population with Type I Diabetes and its relation to teh duration of the disease. A RIA technique with double antibody was developed for albumin assessment, with a displacement range of 1 to 300 ng/tube. Urine samples were collected during short periods with water load as suggested by Mogensen. Thirty nine children (30 patients and 9 controls) free of renal disease and with normal blood pressure were studied. Patients were divided according to duration of the disease in: Group I: less than 5 years, Group II: 5 to 10 years and Group III: more than 10 years. Results (mean +/- SD) in micrograms/min/1.73 m2 were: Control Group (n = 9) 4.30 +/- 2.53, GI: (n = 12) 10.44 +/- 9.47, GII (n = 10) 8.03 +/- 7.27 and GIII (n = 8) 8.56 +/- 4.26. The mean value of the Control Group (+3 SD) 12 micrograms/min/1.73 m2, was considered as the upper normal limit. Thus, 16.6%, 40%, and 12.5% of children in Groups I, II and III had microalbuminuria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)