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Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Gastric Mucosa Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis for Detecting Helicobacter pylori and Antibiotic Resistance
Published on: March 7, 2025
Molecular Approaches to Identify Helicobacter pylori Antimicrobial Resistance
Francis Mégraud1, Lucie Bénéjat1, Esther Nina Ontsira Ngoyi1
1Bacteriology Laboratory, INSERM U853, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux F-33000, France.
Abstract:
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is needed to adapt Helicobacter pylori treatment to obtain the best results. Beside the standard phenotypic methods, molecular methods are increasingly used. The value of these molecular tests is that they are quick, independent of the transport conditions, easy to standardize, and commercial kits are available. In this article, these methods are reviewed, focusing on the determination of H pylori resistance to macrolides and fluoroquinolones, and mentioning also the methods used for tetracycline and rifampin.
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