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Transmission activation in non-circulative virus transmission: a general concept?
Martin Drucker1, Christiane Then1
1INRA, UMR 385 BGPI (CIRAD-INRA-SupAgroM), TA A54K, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Current Opinion in Virology
|August 31, 2015
Summary
Viruses transmitted by arthropod vectors, like aphids, use specific interactions for spread. A plant virus forms transmission morphs upon aphid presence, a novel concept called Transmission Activation.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Entomology
- Plant Pathology
Background:
- Arthropod-borne viruses rely on vectors for transmission to new hosts.
- Noncirculative or mechanical transmission involves virus attachment to vector mouthparts.
- This transmission mode was previously considered simple contamination.
Purpose of the Study:
- To challenge the notion of noncirculative transmission as a simplistic process.
- To investigate specific interactions between viruses, hosts, and vectors in transmission.
- To introduce and explore the concept of Transmission Activation (TA).
Main Methods:
- Observing plant virus behavior in response to aphid vector presence.
- Analyzing the formation of virus transmission morphs.
- Investigating virus-host-vector interactions.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated that a plant virus instantly forms transmission morphs when its aphid vector is present.
- Provided evidence for specific, dynamic virus-vector interactions in noncirculative transmission.
- Identified Transmission Activation (TA) as a novel virus transmission strategy.
Conclusions:
- Noncirculative virus transmission is a sophisticated strategy involving specific interactions.
- Transmission Activation (TA) represents a paradigm shift in understanding virus transmission.
- This finding opens new avenues for researching virus-host-vector dynamics.
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