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Media Effects: Theory and Research.

Patti M Valkenburg1, Jochen Peter1, Joseph B Walther2

  • 1Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1012 WX, The Netherlands; email: p.m.valkenburg@uva.nl , j.peter@uva.nl.

Annual Review of Psychology
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review examines media effects theories, identifying five key features and their empirical support. It also explores media effects in new digital environments, highlighting communication theory evolution.

Keywords:
computer-mediated communication (CMC)mass communicationmass media, meta-analysismedia effects theorymedia violenceselective exposure

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Area of Science:

  • Communication Theory
  • Media Psychology
  • Social Sciences

Background:

  • Prominent media effects theories are analyzed for trends and commonalities.
  • Exemplary meta-analyses and bibliometric studies inform the review.
  • Understanding media's influence on individuals is a key focus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and discuss five core features of media effects theories.
  • To examine the empirical support for these theoretical features.
  • To explore media effects in contemporary digital and computer-mediated communication environments.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of prominent media effects theories.
  • Analysis of exemplary meta-analyses and bibliometric studies.
  • Discussion of theoretical shifts in computer-mediated communication.

Main Results:

  • Five common features of media effects theories were identified, detailing conditions for media influence.
  • Empirical support for these features was assessed.
  • The evolution of communication theories, from unidirectional to transactional models, was observed in newer media environments.

Conclusions:

  • Media effects theories share common features that specify conditions for influence.
  • Computer-mediated communication theories show a pattern of evolving towards transactional perspectives.
  • Future research should address challenges and explore new avenues in media effects studies.