Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving

1.1K
Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
A velocity gradient forms within the fluid when a Newtonian fluid is placed between two parallel plates, with...
1.1K
Poiseuille's Law and Reynolds Number01:10

Poiseuille's Law and Reynolds Number

10.1K
Any fluid in a horizontal tube can flow due to pressure differences—fluid flows from high to low pressure. The flow rate (Q) is the ratio of pressure difference and resistance through a horizontal tube. The greater the pressure difference, the higher the flow rate. The flow resistance is expressed as:
10.1K
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

1.0K
Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
1.0K
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

7.3K
Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
7.3K
Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

230.7K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
230.7K
Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

32.1K
Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
32.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Progression without progress.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Rayleigh-Taylor instability in size-bidisperse isodense granular flow down an incline.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Mobile-collector capture of particles in a chaotic flow.

PloS one·2025
Same author

Creativity across domains: Thoughts in Science, Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science, Technology, and Art.

PNAS nexus·2025
Same author

Membrane Charge Effects on Solute Transport in Nanofiltration: Experiments and Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Membranes·2025
Same author

Erratum: Particle capture in a model chaotic flow [Phys. Rev. E 104, 064203 (2021)].

Physical review. E·2024
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.1K

Shear-Rate-Independent Diffusion in Granular Flows.

Yi Fan1,2, Paul B Umbanhowar1, Julio M Ottino1,3,4

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|September 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion in granular flows depends on shear rate and particle size at high rates. At low shear rates, diffusion becomes an elastic phenomenon governed by gravity and particle stiffness.

More Related Videos

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

9.2K
Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
11:51

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions

Published on: February 22, 2018

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 4, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.1K
The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

9.2K
Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
11:51

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions

Published on: February 22, 2018

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Understanding granular flow diffusion is crucial for predicting material transport and mixing.
  • Previous studies primarily focused on high shear rate regimes, leaving low shear rate behavior less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To computationally investigate the diffusion coefficient (D) in granular flows across various conditions.
  • To identify the key parameters governing diffusion in both high and low shear rate regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Computational simulation of granular flows with monodisperse and bidisperse particles.
  • Analysis of diffusion coefficient (D) across different flow rates, positions, and depths.
  • Dimensional analysis of D as a function of shear rate (γ) and particle diameter (d).

Main Results:

  • Diffusion coefficient (D) collapses onto a single curve when plotted against γd².
  • At high shear rates, D is proportional to γd², consistent with prior research.
  • Below a critical γd² value, D becomes independent of γd², indicating a transition in behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Shear rate and particle size dictate diffusion at high shear rates in surface-driven flows.
  • At low shear rates, diffusion is an elastic phenomenon influenced by gravity and particle stiffness.
  • The transition in diffusion behavior is determined by gravity and particle collision time.