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CD5 as a Target for Immune-Based Therapies
Marta Consuegra-Fernández1, Fernando Aranda1, Inês Simões1
1Group of Immune Receptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract:
CD5 was one of the first surface receptors described for mouse and human T lymphocytes. Since then, it has been found to be highly expressed by regulatory T cells and a subpopulation of regulatory B cells, to be physically associated with the T- and B-cell antigen receptors, to negatively modulate TCR- and BCR-mediated signals, and to bind certain pathogen-associated molecular patterns. These findings position CD5 as an attractive target for developing immunotherapies aimed at either boosting or dampening ongoing immune responses. Here the available data on the function of CD5 and its involvement in the regulation of immune responses in health and disease are reviewed, as well as the evidence for and future challenges in developing therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting CD5 for autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infections.
Insights
CD5, a T-lymphocyte surface receptor, regulates immune responses and is found on regulatory T and B cells. Its role in modulating immune signals makes CD5 a potential target for immunotherapies in autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infections.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Medicine
Background:
- CD5 is an early-identified surface receptor on T lymphocytes.
- CD5 is highly expressed on regulatory T cells and a subset of regulatory B cells.
- CD5 associates with T-cell receptor (TCR) and B-cell receptor (BCR) complexes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the function of CD5 in immune response regulation.
- To explore CD5's involvement in health and disease.
- To assess CD5 as a therapeutic target for various conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing data on CD5 function.
- Analysis of CD5's role in immune signal modulation.
- Examination of CD5's association with antigen receptors and pathogen patterns.
Main Results:
- CD5 negatively modulates TCR- and BCR-mediated signaling.
- CD5 binds pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
- CD5's expression on regulatory immune cells highlights its regulatory role.
Conclusions:
- CD5's multifaceted functions position it as a key regulator of immune responses.
- Targeting CD5 offers potential for novel immunotherapies.
- Further research is needed to overcome challenges in developing CD5-based therapeutics for autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infections.
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