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SUSAC SYNDROME.

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    Susac syndrome, a rare condition, can present atypically. This case highlights visual field loss and multifocal arteritis, prompting a diagnosis of Susac syndrome.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Neurology
    • Rheumatology

    Background:

    • Susac syndrome is a rare autoimmune endotheliopathy.
    • It classically presents with a triad of encephalopathy, branch retinal artery occlusions, and hearing loss.

    Observation:

    • A 44-year-old man presented with progressive inferonasal visual field loss.
    • Clinical findings included bilateral migratory arteritis with retinal artery occlusions and a corpus callosum lesion on MRI.

    Findings:

    • The patient exhibited visual field deficits, multifocal arteritis, and hearing loss.
    • Cerebral MRI revealed a characteristic lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum.
    • Hematologic workup excluded other autoimmune diseases and coagulopathies.

    Implications:

    • This case underscores the importance of considering Susac syndrome in patients with atypical presentations.
    • A high index of suspicion is crucial for diagnosing Susac syndrome, especially with multiple arterial occlusions.
    • Early diagnosis and management are vital for preventing irreversible vision loss and neurological damage.