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Updated: Apr 4, 2026
08:33
An Ex vivo Culture System to Study Thyroid Development
Published on: June 6, 2014
12.2K
IgG4 Staining in Thyroid Eye Disease.
Irwin Kashani1, Saul N Rajak, Daniel J Kearney
1*South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia; and †Department of Surgical Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|September 12, 2015
Summary
Immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) can affect the eyelid muscle. This case highlights IgG4 staining in levator palpebrae superioris inflammation, particularly in patients with a history of thyroid eye disease.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Immunology
Background:
- Immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) is an emerging condition.
- IgG4 staining is also observed in other inflammatory orbital diseases.
Observation:
- A case of IgG4 staining in an enlarged, inflamed levator palpebrae superioris is presented.
- The patient had a history of thyroid eye disease.
Findings:
- Biopsy confirmed IgG4-related ophthalmic disease in the levator palpebrae superioris.
- The patient showed an incomplete response to triamcinolone injection.
Implications:
- This case underscores the association between thyroid eye disease and IgG4 staining.
- Diagnostic challenges arise when IgG4-ROD criteria are met in patients with co-existing orbital inflammation.
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