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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

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Published on: May 8, 2015

Transformative Two-Dimensional Array Configurations by Geometrical Shape-Shifting Protein Microstructures.

Chee Leng Lay^1,2, Mian Rong Lee¹, Hiang Kwee Lee^1,2

¹Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371.

|September 16, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed shape-shifting 2D microstructures from bovine serum albumin (BSA) that transform between circles and polygons. These smart materials enable dynamic 2D array transformations for advanced applications.

Keywords:

bovine serum albumin geometrical shape-shifting stimuli-responsive transformative array configurations two-photon lithography

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Last Updated: Apr 3, 2026

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Biomaterials

Background:

Two-dimensional (2D) shape-shifting in synthetic materials is limited, unlike in nature.
Man-made smart materials typically exhibit single-direction responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To fabricate 2D geometrical shape-shifting microstructures using bovine serum albumin (BSA).
To achieve dynamic circle-to-polygon and polygon-to-circle transformations.
To demonstrate transformative 2D microstructure arrays with tunable structure-to-function properties.

Main Methods:

Utilized layer-by-layer two-photon lithography for sub-micrometer resolution.
Embedded precisely positioned rigid skeletal frames within BSA matrices.
Controlled anisotropic swelling via pH stimulus to direct shape transformation.

Main Results:

Demonstrated well-defined arc-to-corner and corner-to-arc transformations for circle-polygon interconversion.
Fabricated the first transformative 2D patterned arrays using these microstructures.
Showcased tunable array porosity and pore shape through controlled transformations.

Conclusions:

Developed a novel strategy for 2D geometrical shape-shifting microstructures.
Enabled dynamic transformations in 2D arrays, crucial for smart materials.
Highlighted potential applications in photonics and microfluidics due to tunable properties.