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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
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Binaural Interaction Component in Speech Evoked Auditory Brainstem Responses.

Ajith Kumar Uppunda1, Jayashree Bhat, Pearl Edna D'costa

  • 1Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore, Karnataka, India. kaushlendra.kumar@manipal.edu.

The Journal of International Advanced Otology
|September 19, 2015
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Summary

This study characterizes the binaural interaction component (BIC) in speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR). Early BIC components (BIC-SP1, BIC-SP2) were consistently observed in all participants.

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Neurophysiology
  • Speech Perception

Background:

  • Auditory brainstem response (ABR) is a key electrophysiological tool for assessing auditory pathway function.
  • Binaural interaction (BI) plays a crucial role in sound localization and speech comprehension.
  • Understanding BI within speech-evoked ABR is vital for diagnosing auditory processing disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the characteristics of the binaural interaction component (BIC) in speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR).
  • To identify the latency and prevalence of different BIC components in response to speech stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were recorded in 15 subjects with normal hearing.
  • The speech stimulus /da/ was used to elicit ABRs.
  • The presence and latency of binaural interaction components (BIC-SP1 to BIC-SP4) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The first two BICs (BIC-SP1 and BIC-SP2) occurred around 6 ms and 8 ms, respectively, and were present in 100% of subjects.
  • Two later BICs (BIC-SP3 and BIC-SP4) were observed around 36 ms and 46 ms, present in 73% of subjects.
  • BIC-SP1 and BIC-SP2 showed high reliability in speech-evoked ABRs.

Conclusions:

  • Speech-evoked ABR provides a reliable method for assessing binaural interaction.
  • The early BIC components are robust and can be detected in all individuals with normal hearing.
  • ABRs are suitable for evaluating binaural hearing in pediatric and difficult-to-test populations due to their robustness to sleep and early maturation.