FTIR and SEM analysis applied in tissue engineering for root recovering surgery.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Periodontology
• Tissue Engineering

Background:

• Gingival recession, apical displacement of the gingival margin, results from inflammation and trauma.
• Aesthetic periodontal surgery seeks to restore root coverage, improve aesthetics, and prevent further disease.
• Porcine collagen matrix (PCM) is a studied biomaterial for root coverage procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify collagen types within PCM.
• To analyze the morphology of PCM.
• To evaluate PCM's suitability for periodontal applications.

Main Methods:

• Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for morphological analysis.
• Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for collagen type identification.
• Analysis of five PCM fragments (2 mm thickness × 2.6 mm width).

Main Results:

• SEM revealed PCM has a compact, low-porosity surface layer and a porous, foamed underlying layer.
• FTIR identified Type I collagen in the surface layer and Type III collagen in the underlying layer.
• The dual-layer structure and collagen composition support cell adsorption and proliferation.

Conclusions:

• PCM is a viable biomaterial for root coverage.
• Its structure facilitates cell activity and subsequent tissue regeneration.
• PCM supports periodontal tissue neoformation after resorption.