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Updated: Jul 30, 2025

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Published on: June 10, 2017
Occupational Exposures and Risks of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Meta-Analysis
Luiza Flavia Veiga Francisco1, Rogério Nunes da Silva2, Marco Antônio Oliveira1
1Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-390, SP, Brazil.
Occupational exposure to chemicals like pesticides increases Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk. This systematic review confirms a link between carcinogen exposure and higher NHL incidence, particularly in agricultural work.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Toxicology
- Oncology
Background:
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) incidence is rising, with chemical exposure identified as a significant risk factor.
- Understanding the specific occupational exposures linked to NHL is crucial for public health.
- NHL is a diverse group of diseases with varying prognoses and risk profiles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze epidemiological studies assessing the association between occupational carcinogen exposure and NHL risk.
- To identify specific chemical agents and work environments contributing to increased NHL incidence.
- To synthesize current evidence on the link between workplace chemical exposures and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational epidemiological studies (case-control, cohort, cross-sectional) published between 2000 and 2020.
- Studies were selected using blind review via the Rayyan QCRI web app.
- Data extraction and analysis were performed using the RedCap platform.
Main Results:
- The meta-analysis included 51 studies, analyzing 2719 initially identified articles.
- An overall odds ratio (OR) of 1.27 (95% CI 1.04-1.55) indicated an increased risk of NHL associated with occupational exposure.
- Pesticide exposure in agricultural occupations was identified as a primary risk factor for NHL.
Conclusions:
- Epidemiological evidence supports a significant increased risk for Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) due to occupational exposure to specific chemical compounds.
- Pesticides, benzene, and trichlorethylene are key chemical agents linked to elevated NHL risk.
- Workers in agricultural sectors face a particularly heightened risk of developing NHL, irrespective of subtype.
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