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Humidity Effects on Fragmentation in Plasma-Based Ambient Ionization Sources.

G Asher Newsome1, Luke K Ackerman2, Kevin J Johnson3

  • 1Nova Research, Inc., 1900 Elkin St. Suite 230, Alexandria, VA, 22308, USA. graham.newsome.ctr@nrl.navy.mil.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|September 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Humidity significantly impacts post-plasma ambient desorption/ionization (ADI) mass spectra by altering ion fragmentation. Controlling humidity is crucial for stable and reproducible results in ADI techniques like FAPA and DART.

Keywords:
Ambient ionizationDARTFAPAFragmentationHumidityMechanismWater cluster

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Mass Spectrometry

Background:

  • Post-plasma ambient desorption/ionization (ADI) sources rely on water vapor for protonated analyte ion formation.
  • Existing research on humidity's effects on ADI spectra is limited, with unclear mechanisms and scope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying humidity levels on flowing atmospheric pressure afterglow (FAPA) and direct analysis in real time (DART) mass spectrometry.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which humidity influences ADI spectra and ion fragmentation.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired FAPA and DART mass spectra of diverse analytes under controlled ambient temperature and pressure.
  • Utilized a humidity enclosure to program and vary humidity levels around the ion source and mass spectrometer inlet.
  • Analyzed changes in relative abundance and fragmentation of molecular adduct ions across different humidity conditions.

Main Results:

  • Ambient humidity consistently altered the relative abundance and fragmentation of molecular adduct ions for multiple compounds.
  • Increasing humidity decreased fragmentation of protonated molecules and other adduct ions for some compounds, while increasing it for others.
  • Observed humidity effects were attributed to shifts in the abundance of protonated water clusters, altering proton affinity differences.

Conclusions:

  • Humidity is a critical factor influencing spectral stability and reproducibility in FAPA and DART mass spectrometry.
  • Precise control of humidity is essential for reliable and consistent data acquisition with ambient post-plasma ionization sources.