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Memory is the retention of information or experiences over time, facilitated through three main processes: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the process of inputting information into the memory system. For instance, when listening to a lecture, watching a play, reading a book, or having a conversation, the brain is actively encoding information. This initial stage involves transforming sensory input into a form that can be processed and stored by the brain. Various factors, such as...
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Updated: Apr 3, 2026

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
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Doors for memory: A searchable database.

Alan D Baddeley1, Graham J Hitch1, Philip T Quinlan1

  • 1a Department of Psychology , University of York , York , UK.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|September 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Door scenes offer a novel, ecologically relevant method for studying visual long-term memory. This research introduces a categorized database of over 2000 door images for memory research.

Keywords:
DoorsLong-term memoryRecognitionVisual memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Memory Studies

Background:

  • Human long-term memory research has predominantly focused on verbal materials for over 50 years.
  • A lack of suitable nonverbal stimuli has limited the study of visual long-term memory.
  • Door scenes emerged as a potentially ecologically relevant and sensitive alternative to traditional visual memory stimuli like faces and geometric figures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce door scenes as a novel stimulus material for investigating visual long-term memory.
  • To present a categorized database of over 2000 door scenes for research use.
  • To demonstrate the utility of door scenes in a recognition memory study.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a comprehensive database of over 2000 door scenes, categorized by physical characteristics (building type, color, age, condition, glazing, etc.).
  • An illustrative study involving recognition memory tests (yes/no, two-alternative, four-alternative forced-choice) using 100 door stimuli.
  • Making the stimuli database publicly available via a dedicated website.

Main Results:

  • Door scenes were found to be an effective and participant-friendly stimulus for visual memory research.
  • The categorized database provides a rich resource for diverse memory investigations.
  • Recognition memory for door scenes can be effectively assessed using standard psychophysical paradigms.

Conclusions:

  • Door scenes represent a valuable and ecologically relevant alternative to traditional stimuli for studying visual long-term memory.
  • The availability of a large, categorized database facilitates further research in this understudied area.
  • This approach enhances the ecological validity and participant engagement in visual memory research.